ISU World Congress 2023, JAPAN @Tsukuba

STEREO Japan Chronology

Japan JapanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo STEREO CLUB TokyoJapan ISU

1859 安政6

japanAt the end of the Edo period (1859-60), Swiss stereo photographer Pierre Rossier came to Nagasaki. He came to Japan on behalf of Negretti and Zambra, a London-based optical equipment company that also published stereo cards, to take photographs and conduct business.

During his stay, he taught wet photography to first generation Japanese photographers such as Ueno Hikoma in Nagasaki, and took stereographs and panoramic photographs in Yokohama and elsewhere. The stereographs were published in the View of Japan series by Negretti and Zambra from April 1860.


japanThe earliest photograph of Yokohama was a stereograph by Pierre Rossier.

1861 文久1

japanFrench photographers Antoine Fauchery and Colonel Charles-Louis Du Pin came to Yokohama in January.

Antoine Fauchery (1823-1861) was a painter, architect, woodworker and journalist in Paris before moving to Melbourne, Australia, to become a adventurer in search of success in gold mining. Unsuccessful as a adventurer, he returned to Australia to learn photography from his friend, the famous photographer Nadar, and in 1857 he went back to Melbourne, Australia, where he opened a photography studio and published his first book, Sun Pictures of Victoria, in 1858. In February 1859 he left Melbourne via Manila in the Philippines, arriving in Shanghai, China, in June 1860 to cover the Opium War as an official correspondent for the French Army. From Shanghai, he arrived in Yokohama, Japan, in January 1861 with Colonel Dupin, his commanding officer in China. He died three months later, on 27 April 1861, in Yokohama. (The cause of his death is unknown.) Stereo photographs taken during those three months were subsequently published by Ferrier & Soulier in France.

 

*Du Pin, a colonel attached to the French General Staff, came to Nagasaki in January 1861, then moved to Yokohama; in March he lived in Edo to be available to Bellecour, the French Minister to Japan. Fochery came to Japan with him, assisting Du Pin in taking photographs in Shanghai before his arrival. The two worked as a team on the shoot." (From Christian Polak, Lilies and Giant Cannons.)

 

*It is only speculation, but it is said that the model for Utagawa Yoshitora's French Housewife and Her Husband, painted in 1961, may be Antoine Fochery in Japan. This is due to the fact that Antoine Fochery was the only confirmed French photographer staying with his wife in Yokohama at the time, and that he took stereo photographs in Japan. The port of Yokohama opened in 1859 and a foreign settlement was established in 1860. This painting depicts the lives of the foreigners living there and became very popular and is known as the "Yokohama-e" ukiyoe.

 

*Antoine Fauchery belonged to the Bohemian circle when he was active in Paris, and was in contact with a number of prominent artists, and is famous as the model for the painter in the original opera La Bohème.

 

 


japanShimooka Renjo and the Mystery G.A.B StereoviewSeries by Terry Bennett & Rob Oechsle

Mystery: "Renjo Shimooka may have been the first person in Japan to take stereographs."

 


1862 文久2

japanUeno Hikoma published a chemistry book, "Chemistry Bureau Essentials".

Volume 3: Appendix "Photographic Techniques" was a manual for wet-plate photography and included a stereo camera. This was the first time a stereo camera was published in a book in Japan.


1869 明治2


japanIn 1869, the oldest surviving stereo photograph taken by a Japanese was taken in Nikko by Yokoyama Matsusaburo.

 

"Yokoyama Matsusaburo took photographs of all the mountains of Nikko with his pupils and ten labourers, and introduced the waterfalls and other scenic spots in the mountains through photographs. It also took stereo-photographs of waterfalls and scenic spots in all the mountains of Nikko.
These photographs of Nikko were taken by Yokoyama Shozaburo and Shimooka Renjo and are said to have been presented to the Tokugawa family."
(Hajime Chiyo, 'Biography of Yokoyama Matsusaburo, a forerunner in Western painting and photography, and from the collection of the Hakodate City Museum)

 

1889 明治22

japanInauguration of Japan Photographic Association, the first photography club in Japan.

W.K. Barton (1856-1899), who had achieved great success in his native England with his research on dry plates, came to Japan from England in 1887 to become a professor (sanitary engineering) at the University of Technology (now the University of Tokyo Faculty of Engineering). With the advent of dry plates, it became possible to take and develop photographs much more easily than with the wet plates that had been used until then, and an era of amateur photography enthusiasts had arrived in this advanced photographic country. The arrival of Mr Balton (as he was nicknamed in Japan) was a great opportunity to bring such an era to Japan in the Far East. He was indeed a dry plate conductor for the Japanese photographic world. At the initiative of Ogawa Kazuma, a photographer who had been paying attention to Mr Balton, the Japan Photographic Association was founded with the three men as its patrons, with Kashima Seibei, a photography magnate, playing a central role. At the time of its founding, the society was chaired by Takeaki Enomoto and consisted of 56 people, including political and financial figures, academics, foreign residents in Japan and other photography enthusiasts, as well as people involved in the industry. Balton exhibited several binocular pictures (stereographs) at the annual meeting of the Japan Pictures Society held at Hongo, Tokyo University on 22 May 1896. (Shashin Getsuppo June 1896) Unfortunately, however, these stereographs were said to have been burnt or lost, and no stereographs of Mr Balton have survived.

 

 

1900 明治33

japanT.Enami's Enami photo studio opened at 1-9 Benten-dori, Yokohama.
Enami Nobukuni photographed stereo cards for many foreign tourists under the T.Enami brand. A beautiful hand-coloured stereo card with the inscription "Yokohama Japan, Sold only by T.Enami" is included in the photographic catalogue "CATALOG OF COLOURED LANTERN-SLIDES AND STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS", published in 1908. T.ENAMI", a photographic catalogue published in 1908, lists some 1100 stereo photographs. Many stereo cards were also sold in the USA by several companies, including SEARS, ROEBUCK & CO.


  • 1871 Dry plate photography
  • 1883 Ezaki Reiji took the first dry plate photographs in Japan
  • 1889 Roll film for photography introduced by Kodak
  • 1895 Lumière brothers show films

1903 明治36

japanHagiwara Sakutaro, one of Japan's most celebrated poets, began taking stereographs at the age of 17.

 

"Anyway, for me, this stereoscope was the one and only good companion. And there is an inevitable reason for this for myself." (From Hagiwara Sakutaro's "My Camera")

 

"My father became interested in photography when he was a junior high school student in 1902, and he bought a photographic machine for 65 sen at the time, but when he went to his father's family home in Osaka in May the following year, he was already using a Stereo Camera, taking pictures of landscapes."

"From his junior high school days until his later years, he looked through stereo photographs (he also looked through ready-made foreign-made photographs), and even before his death, when he was lying on his sickbed, he kept it by his bedside." (From Hagiwara, Yoko, 'My Father and Stereographic Photography', Nostalgia)

1905 明治38


japanThe last shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, took stereo photographs in Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.

 


1921 大正10

japanSato San-Esu Do (佐藤サンエス堂) opens

At the time, the only shop in Japan specialising in stereo equipment (import/sales). Located at 24 Sarugakucho, Kanda-Ku, Tokyo, now Kanda Jimbocho 1-chome.

 

"A year may seem like a long time, but in hindsight it is surprisingly short. It seems like it was only a few months ago that San-Esu-do opened for business, but on 15 November it will be exactly one full year!" from an advertisement in the November 1922 issue of 寫眞藝術.

"Around the beginning of the Taisho era (1912-1926), Sato Shusuke listened to my opinion and opened a shop in Kanda Jimbocho called Sato San-Esu-do, which was actively importing and selling stereo cameras and all equipment. There was probably no other shop specialising in stereo in Japan before or after this one. This was the result of Mr Sato's own enthusiasm for stereo. "from "Me and Stereo" (Yoshikawa Hayao, Fifty Years with the Camera, 1947, Kōgassō)


1923 大正12

japanJapan Binocular Photo Club (日本双眼寫眞會) founded.

The first stereo club in Japan, founded by Yoshikawa Hayao, the first stereo photo evangelist in Japan, and Syusuke Sato, the first stereo specialist shop owner in Japan.

 

"The Japan Binocular Photo Club was established under the leadership of Yoshikawa Hayao and Sato Shusuke. This is something that people who have read the articles on binocular film in this magazine have been eagerly awaiting. If you need a copy of the rules, please apply to Sato San-Esu-do, 24, Sarugaku-cho, Kanda-gu, Tokyo, enclosing a 2 sen postage stamp. This is probably the most interesting club in recent times." From 寫眞藝術 (寫眞藝術社), April 1923, 寫眞通信.

"It should also be noted that the author has established the Stereo Photography Club of Japan with the aim of researching and popularising this art of photography.
In other words, in addition to researching the art of photography, the club will organise exhibitions and competitions, and select materials and prepare them on an unspecified basis for the benefit of photography researchers." from Yoshikawa Hayao, New Studies in the Art of Photography, 1923

 

Yoshikawa Hayao (1890-1959) began writing about photography in 1921, and by the time of his death in 1959, he had written more than 200 books.
In his autobiography, "50 Years with the Camera", he wrote that "stereo is at the heart of my photography".
He was also a central figure in a family of stereo enthusiasts that lasted for four generations: his father Yoshikawa Kanekichi, eldest son Yoshikawa Nobuaki and grandson Shima Kazuya.
His grandson Shima Kazuya was the author of the famous book "Introduction to Stereo Photography" in 1979 and was the chairman of the J.A.S.P.A. Japanese Amateur Stereo Photography Association, which was founded in 1982.

 

"(My grandfather) is called Yoshikawa Hayao. He wrote probably two hundred or more instructional books on photography, not just stereo photography, which can still be found in second-hand bookshops around Kanda from time to time. He was born in 1890, so he must have started around the Taisho era. I think it was after I left university. My grandfather took not only stereo cameras, but also films, mainly what we call small films, like 8 mm, 9.5 mm patee and 16 mm. So he wrote instructional books on regular photography, small films and stereo photography. All of these books were for amateurs and beginners. In my grandfather's time, photography itself was something you had to be prepared to do. To do photography, you had to do the enlarging and so on yourself, so you couldn't do it single-handedly like you can now." [Interview with Shima Kazuya, Genealogy of Japanese Stereo Photography (STEREO: A Media History of the Senses 1994)

 


1930 昭和5

japanAn introduction to stereo photography, 'First Steps in Stereo Photography', by Yoshikawa Hayao, published.



1936 昭和11

japanAudioscopiks, the first 3D film to be screened in cinemas in Japan, was released. 


1938 昭和13

japanTAKARAZUKA REVUE's Star Troupe performed a shadowgraph show performance. Audience members wearing anaglyph glasses enjoyed seeing the red and blue anaglyph shadows of the dancers in three dimensions.

  • 1935 Kodachrome
  • 1939 Launch of the Verascope F40 (France)
  • 1947 Launch of the Stereo Realist (USA)
  • 1952-1954 3D films in the USA 'Golden Age' (polarised light)

1947 昭和22

japanYoshikawa Hayao was the first to introduce the Stereo Realist to Japan, which was released in the USA in the same year.

"But the stereo of my past is now doomed to be obsolete. I can say with certainty that from now on we will be using the new film format of 24mm x 24mm, which is a square format. In the USA, the Stereo Realist, a new stereo camera of this size, and the Trivision, a low-level camera, have already been introduced. In many ways, the use of cinematographic film in amateur cameras is the most certain thing in the future, so it is only natural that stereo will also be dominated by machines that use cinematographic film." from "Me and Stereo" (Yoshikawa Hayao, Fifty Years with the Camera, 1947, Kōgassō)

 

In 1950, he writes that there appears to be only one Stereo Realist in Japan.

"Those who looked at American photographic magazines after the war would have seen publicity for two new products: the high-end Stereo Realist camera, which used 35 mm film, and the cheap Haneel Tri-vision Camera, a bold, streamlined, single-bake, streamlined camera with a single bead. The Stereo Realist is said to be owned by a welfare company in Tokyo. The latter was seen second-hand in a gentleman's material shop some time ago." from [JP]Yoshikawa Hayao, "How to make fun stereo photographs that anyone can easily produce with any camera", Kōga Monthly Magazine, August 1950

1953 昭和28

japanThe first domestically produced 3D films were released. Two short films, Pop-out Sunday and I Am Aimed at, were produced by Toho. 

1955 昭和30

 

japanThe 35 mm stereo camera Stereo Leader was released by TogoDo.


1957 昭和32

japanNikon launched the Stereo NIKKOR 3.5cm f/3.5.
During the stereo boom of the 1950s, many stereo cameras were launched. This Nikon lens was also produced during that period, but as it was a late starter and was released at the end of the boom, it did not sell well and production ended after a short period.
Only about 100-200 of these lenses were produced, and they are now sold at high prices as collectors' items.


 


1975 昭和50

JapanThe International Stereoscopic Union is founded.


1977 昭和52

japanThe 3D animation Nobody's Boy: Remi (51 episodes) was broadcast using the Pulfrich effect.



1979 昭和54

japanShima Kazuya's "Introduction to Stereo Photography (ステレオ写真入門)", a must-have classic, is published.

Shima Kazuya is the grandson of Yoshikawa Hayao,


1982 昭和57

J.A.S.P.A. Japan Amateur Stereo Photography Association was founded. The chairman is Shima Kazuya. The first meeting and launch ceremony was held on Sunday 4 July at 13:30 at the Hibiya Kokusai Building in Tokyo. The October issue of Asahi Camera states that "Membership is now open (more than 120 people have already joined)".

 


1984 昭和59

japanFormation of 3D Kansai

"3D Kansai was formed on 22 April 1984 by nine 3D photography enthusiasts living in the Kansai region. When it was first formed, it was called the 'Kansai Stereo Photography Club', but as the number of members increased, their skills improved and they became competent enough to hold an annual exhibition, it was decided to change the name to '3D Kansai'." (from website)

1985 昭和60

japanExpo 85 was held in Tsukuba, Japan

The Hitachi Group Pavilion, the Sumitomo Pavilion and the Steel Pavilion screened 3D films using the polarisation method. In addition, the Fujitsu Pavilion in the 3D Dome screened 3D films using the anaglyph method. 3D films were screened on large screens at each of the pavilions.
The screening of stereoscopic images was a major topic of discussion and was also known as the Expo of Image Technology, another name for the event.
Tsukuba has since become known as a sacred place for stereo-otaku.

1987 昭和62

japanCaptain EO unveiled at Tokyo Disneyland.

1992 平成4

japanIn May, Tenyo's 3D Art Poster was released and Random Dot Stereograms became a big boom, attracting attention to free viewing (naked-eye stereopsis). In November, C.G. (Computer Graphics) Stereograms - Amazing 3D published by Shogakukan became a bestseller, and many stereo-related books were subsequently published.

japanHosoma Hiromichi releases Hyoer Card Stack 3D paint.

3D paint ver.5" allows you to enjoy stereo drawing while viewing with the naked eye. Using the Command, Option and Control keys, you can move freely through the depth space. It also has an animation function, so it's quite fun to use." (From HyperCard stack library: Stereo series)

 

1993 平成5


japanjapan

Ota Takayuki and Takimoto Junsuke, Stereo Essentials Guide Published.

japanGenpei Akasegawa, Stereo Diary: The Philosophy of Two Eyes, published.

japanTakasugi Dan Fun stereo photos Published.

"June: finished the manuscript for the Takeshobo collection 'Fun Stereo Photography' in four days. From Takasugi Dan's Chronological Record


JapanSix members - Akasegawa Genpei, Ota Takayuki, Takasugi Dan, Tokuyama Masaki, Miami Shinbo, Yamamoto Chieko and members of the Brain Resort Development Project( Founded in 1992)/Stereo Otaku Society( Founded in 1991) - attended the '9th ISU 1993 World Congress' in Eastbourne, UK, for the entire day.


1994 平成6

japanYoshimura Makoto + Hosoma Hiromichi STEREO: A Media History of the Senses (ステレオ-感覚のメディア史) published.


japanAsakura, Hideyuki Fish Eyes - Stereographic Photography of a Maldivian Underwater Walk published.


1995 平成7

japanA multimedia CD-ROM entitled Perspective Technique: Aramata Hiroshi's Bizarre Perspective by CD-ROM(遠近術), produced by the team P-Media, consisting of Mimura Chie,Gozawa Akihide and Okano Izumi, has been published.
QuickTime VR compatible. Contains a stereogram creation function and 3D images.


1996 平成8

japanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo launched.

"The first meeting ended successfully late at night on the 20th.

The meeting started with an introduction to the Ninth World Stereo Convention by Ota Takayuki, followed by a screening of a number of Ota's own works using stereo techniques. All club members were very impressed with the professionalism of the event.

This was followed by a screening of club members' works.
The six members whose works were screened this time were Ryoji Kimura, Susumu Sato, Kazutoshi Otani, Reiko Eto, Izumi Okano and Chie Mimura.

Kimura Ryouji has only been using a stereo camera for a week and has already modified the strobe to take pictures inside his house just in time for the screening (applause).

Sato Susumu took snapshots of the shooting site (Sato-san is a photographer) and his workplace. The black mount he made himself is quite cool.

Otani Kazutoshi showed a wide range of works, including Moulton bicycles, French Blue Meeting's maniacal French-made cars, as well as works in the style of street observations in Tokyo.

Eto Reiko's work is centred on the scenery around her home (Tsukuda Island), interspersed with travel photos of various parts of Japan.

Okano Izumi's travel photographs include the Tennozu area where she moved this year, as well as Yamanashi, Yagatake, Nishiyama Onsen, Toba Aquarium and other places.

Mimura Chie began with mimosas (flowers) in Cannes, and then moved on to a personal diary of the past year.

The number of people screening Stereo was a little smaller than planned, but even so, I think it was a screening with a lot of variety. The first meeting ended in a heart-warming atmosphere, with applause after each screening. The most popular film this time was by Reiko Eto.
[Participants this time]
Eto Reiko, Ota Takayuki, Otani Kazutoshi, Okano Izumi, Kimura Ryouji, Gozawa Akihide, Sato Susumu, Sakurai Toru, Serikawa Hiroshi, Tateno Koichi, Mimura Chie, Yoshimura Makoto, the above 11 persons.
From the Secretariat." from 1st STEREO CLUB Tokyo Regular meeting <Winter>

 


1999 平成11

japanJapanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo Meeting <Special> [Meeting with Alexander Klein] 22 May 1999 (Fri)

Alexander Klein came to STEREO CLUB Tokyo, the first meeting The first meeting between the ISU and STEREO CLUB Tokyo.


2000 平成12

japanYuda Akio's website, Stereo Photography of Dekoyama (Convex Mountains) -- Refresh Your Brain, has been launched.

As of January 2023, the website contains a huge number of stereo photographs of wildflowers, alpine plants and landscapes, mainly in the Shinshu region of about 16,000 pairs.
Other "Books on Stereo Photography", "Stereo Cameras and Viewers", etc.

 


2002 平成14

japanThe first year of digital STEREO

Suto Masuji releases Stereo Photo Maker.

It is a Windows App for almost all digital processing related to stereo photography. After Stereo Photo Maker, Suto Masuji has been actively developing other Win Apps, as well as numerous stereo Apps for iOS and Android smartphones/tablets. His achievements in developing a number of must-have Apps for stereo enthusiasts have been recognised worldwide, winning the Royal Photographic Society Saxby Award in 2015 and the Photographic Society of America Progress Award in 2016.


japanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo organises Stereo Photo Random Shot #1: Your Brain Resonates with the Popping Photo! Exhibition



japanWorld's first 3D mobile phone, SH251iS, launched.

Equipped with 3D LCD and 2D-3D conversion function.
STEREO CLUB Tokyo provided 3D demonstration images.


japanPentax Optio 230

World's first digital camera with stereo photo creation function.


2004 平成16

japanSekiguchi Junichii's Blog STEREO Realist Anatomy Room (STEREO Realist 解剖室) is launched.


2006 平成18

japanPublication of 3D-TOKYO, a collection of stereo photographs by Sekitani Takashi.


japanHorseman 3D, almost the last film photography Western stereo camera, was released by Horseman. Product produced by Yamaguchi Jin of the Horseman company.


japanJapan's top idol group SMAP performed nationwide with their Pop Up! SMAP LIVE! Tour, which incorporated 3D images into the show.


japanOtona no Kagaku Vol 14 Stereo Pinhole Camera (Gakken) published.


2008 平成20

japanMaeda Satoshi's Stereo Photography Collection Stereo Photography Works: 3D ∞ Infinity (ステレオ写真作品集 立体∞無限) published.

A collection of stereo photographs taken with a Hasselblad in scenic areas around the world.


2009 平成21

japanFinePix REAL 3D W1 launched by Fujifilm.

2011 平成23

japanLaunch of the Nintendo 3DS.
Portable games console with stereo camera and glasses-free display; 75.87 million units shipped worldwide by the end of sales in 2020. Most popular 3D device in history.

 

japanSuto Masuji releases 3DSteroid (Android) and i3DSteroid (iOS).

Stereo life on smartphones begins.


2012 平成24

japanNew logo for STEREO CLUB Tokyo created by Sachi Empty Ika of STEREO MONSTERS unveiled.


japanThe 3D Century: Wonders! 100 Years of Stereoscopic Imaging and the New Century of Imaging by Ooguchi Takayuki, et al. is published, a major work unparalleled in the world that covers the entire spectrum of 3D cinema.


2013 平成25

japanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo won the International 3D Society Good Practice Award 2013 - Incentive Award .


2017 平成29

STEREO CLUB Tokyo exhibition 2017 STEREO CLUB Tokyo 20th Anniversary

japanExhibition STEREO CLUB Tokyo: 20th Anniversary Exhibition of 3D Photography and 3D Imaging


japanStereoTea - Helplessness Spring in my head

ステレオ茶会　無力本願　頭に春が

A stereo tea party was held with stereo legends Susan Pinsky and David Starkman.


japanPublication of Renault FT-17 3D BOOK, a collection of stereo photographs by Nakamura Miki; in 2019, Tiger I -131- 3D BOOK.


2018 平成30

japanTakatsume's stereo photo collections Giant's Eyes, Insect's Eyes and Looking at You - 3D Stereoscopic Photography Collection were published.

 

 


2019 令和１

japanCelebrating the tenth anniversary of the FinePix Real3D


2020 令和2

japanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo the 1th Virtual Meeting and Exhibition

Sixteen virtual meetinqs under the pandemic were held until 16 October 2022.


2022 令和4

japanSTEREO CLUB Tokyo Exhibition 2022 in Okegawa


2023 令和5

Japanjapan24th ISU World Congress 2023, JAPAN@Tsukuba